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SPEECH THERAPY: OUR ROLE IN THE NEONATAL ICU
Speech therapists have a vital role in the neonatal ICU (NICU). They assist neonates with their sucking and swallowing development. When babies are born prematurely they are at risk of having swallowing and sucking difficulties. The suck-swallow reflex develops in utero at 34 weeks. Babies born before this time can have difficulty co-ordinating their suck-swallow-breath. This puts them at risk of aspirating (fluid going into the lungs). Commonly neonates that present with sucking and swallowing difficulties are fed via a feeding tube (a tube placed either in the nose or mouth that travels directly to the stomach). This tube eliminates the risk of aspiration. In order for oral readiness, neonates may need to see a speech therapist. The speech therapist will provide oral stimulation and exercises aiming to strengthen the neonate’s suck, improve their coordination and to better their endurance. Oral feeding is vital for discharge from hospitals as neonates cannot be discharged on a feeding tube, therefore speech therapists are necessary in assisting with the transition from tube feeding to oral feeding
Breastfeeding support
Speech Therapist’s provide breastfeeding support to moms. They assist with positioning of the baby during feeds and further aid in achieving a deeper and more comfortable latch if the latch during feeding is not adequate.
Education and Empowerment
Speech Therapist’s goal is to provide mothers with as pool of information to empower them when feeding ttheir new borns. Speech Therapists provide information on the amount of milk needed, different types of milk produced, how milk can be stored, how long a baby should feed for. They also provide information on the benefits of breastmilk. Speech Therapy in the NICU is important, speech therapists are often the ones identifying problems with feeding, tongue ties, lip ties and oral motor problems.
